មើលកូដរបស់ ទំព័រគំរូ:Reflist/doc

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{{Ombox | type=notice | text = Columns are currently supported only by newer versions of [[Gecko (layout engine)|Gecko]]-based browsers (such as [[Mozilla Firefox]]) and [[WebKit]]-based browsers (such as [[Google Chrome]] and [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]]). '''All versions of [[Internet Explorer]] through to version 9 and [[Opera (web browser)|Opera]] through to version 11 do not support columns.''' See [[#Browser support for columns|below]] for more information.}}

{{hatnote|For a full overview of this template in use, see [[Help:Footnotes]]}}

This [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|citation template]] provides formatting and organizational features for [[Help:Footnotes|footnotes]].  It encapsulates the {{tag|references|s}} tag used by the {{cite.php}} MediaWiki extension to show the list of references as defined by {{tag|ref|o}} tags. It adds support for a reduced font size, columns, groups and {{ldr}}.

==Parameters==

* Single unnamed parameter:
: column-count: a [[natural number]] specifying fixed columns into which the reference list is to be rendered. Example: <code>|2|</code>.
: column-width: a typographic unit of measurement such as [[em (typography)#CSS|em]], specifying the width for the reference list columns. Example: <code>|30em|</code>.
*'''colwidth''': explicitly sets the column-width; do not use '''close''' with this parameter— it is not needed and it will cause '''colwidth''' to not work.
*'''refs''': used with named references (e.g. {{tag|ref|s|params=name=name}}); it specifies a list of some or all named references used in the article.
*'''group''': identifies by name the subset of references to be rendered; the value should correspond to that used inline, e.g. {{tlx|Reflist|2=group=groupname}} renders all references with groupname as the group name ({{tag|ref|o|paams=group=groupname}}).
*'''liststyle''': specifies the style used when the reference list is enumerated; if none is specified, the default is to render a numbered list.
*'''close''': forces the reference list to close and render all references defined to that point; see the [[#Multiple uses|section on multiple uses]] for details.

==Usage==
{{markup|title=Using only footnote-style references
|<nowiki>Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}</nowiki>
|Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

{{fake heading|sub=3|References}}
{{Reflist|close}}
}}

{{markup|title=Using only bibliographical style references (no direct references from the text)
|<nowiki>Lorem ipsum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.

==References==
{{Refbegin}}
* reference 1
* reference 2
{{Refend}}</nowiki>
|Lorem ipsum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.

{{fake heading|sub=3|References}}
{{Refbegin}}
* reference 1
* reference 2
{{Refend}}
}}

{{markup|title=Using both footnote-style and bibliography-style references
|<nowiki>Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|close}}

{{Refbegin}}
* reference 1
* reference 2
{{Refend}}</nowiki>
|Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

{{fake heading|sub=3|References}}
{{Reflist|close}}

{{Refbegin}}
* reference 1
* reference 2
{{Refend}}
}}

===Columns===
Using {{tlx|Reflist|2}} will create a two-column reference list, and {{tlx|Reflist|3}} will create a three-column list, and so on. Choose the number of columns that is appropriate for the average width of the references on the page.

Using {{tlx|Reflist|30em}} will create columns with a minimum width of 30 [[Em (typography)|em]], allowing the browser to automatically choose the number of columns based on the width of the web browser. Choose a column width that is appropriate for the average width of the references on the page.

Columns are currently supported only by [[Gecko (layout engine)|Gecko]]-based browsers (such as [[Mozilla Firefox]]) and [[WebKit]]-based browsers (such as [[Google Chrome]] and [[Safari (browser)|Safari]]). See [[#Browser support for columns|below]] for more information.

The use of columns can result in [[widows and orphans]], where a citation at the bottom of a column may be split to the top of the next column. There are CSS3 selectors that could resolve this, but they are not yet supported by any major browsers.

===Examples===
{{markup|title=Columns
|<nowiki>Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}</nowiki>
|Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

{{fake heading|sub=3|References}}
{{Reflist|2}}
}}

{{markup|title=Column width 20em
|<nowiki>Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|20em}}</nowiki>
|Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

{{fake heading|sub=3|References}}
{{Reflist|20em}}
}}

{{markup|title={{para|colwidth|20em}}
|<nowiki>Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}</nowiki>
|Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

{{fake heading|sub=3|References}}
{{Reflist|colwidth=20em}}
}}

===List styles===
{{main|Help:Cite link labels}}

Reference lists are by default numbered lists. By using the {{para|liststyle}} parameter, you can control how the list is rendered. For example, using {{para|liststyle|upper-roman}} will result in items being prefixed with [[roman numerals]] instead of decimal numbers. The parameter accepts any valid CSS value defined for <code>list-style-type</code> as shown below.

The citations in the reference list will show the default decimal styling if:
* The value for {{para|liststyle}} does not exactly match one of the predefined values
* The value for {{para|liststyle}} is enclosed by quotes
* {{tl|Reflist}} is indented with the : markup

{{CSS list-style-type values}}

===Multiple uses===
{{see|Help:Footnotes#Multiple reference lists}}

If {{tl|Reflist}} is used multiple times without a parameter, each instance will include all of the previously defined references. To force the parser to close previous references, each use of {{tl|Reflist}} must be forced as a new instance by the use of any parameter. If no parameter is desired, the convention is to use the undefined parameter {{tlx|Reflist|close}}.

===List-defined references===
{{see|WP:List-defined references}}

A list of references may be defined within {{tl|Reflist}} using the {{para|refs}} parameter, just like including named <nowiki><ref name=". . ."></nowiki> elements inside the <nowiki><references /></nowiki> container. This has been available since September 2009. There are new error messages associated with this feature, documented at [[Help:Cite errors]], including one for references defined in {{tl|Reflist}} but not used within the body.

====Example====
{{markup
|<nowiki>This is reference 1.<ref name="refname1" />
This is reference 2.<ref name="refname2" />

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="refname1">content1</ref>
<ref name="refname2">content2</ref>
}}</nowiki>
|This is reference 1.<ref name="refname1" group=decimal/>
This is reference 2.<ref name="refname2" group=decimal/>

{{fake heading|sub=3|References}}
{{Reflist|group=decimal|refs=
<ref name="refname1">content1</ref>
<ref name="refname2">content2</ref>
}}
}}

===Grouped references===
As of June 2008, the footnotes system supports the separation of references into groups. This allows groups for explanatory notes, table references and the like. See [[WP:REFGROUP]].

The general format for the reference tag is:

:{{tag|ref|open|params=group=<var>"groupname"</var>}}

And using {{para|group}} for the reflist:
:{{tlx|Reflist|2=group=''"groupname"''}}

:Where ''groupname'' would be a group identifier such as "កំណត់", "nb" or "label".

There are three pre-defined group names that will automatically cause the link labels and this template to display other characters instead of numbers (see [[#List styles|List styles]] above). These are: "lower-alpha" (a, b, c...), "lower-greek" (α, β, γ...) and "lower-roman" (i, ii, iii...) and must be written without quotes.

See also [[#groupandcolumn|bug combining grouped references and columns]].

==Font size==
The font size should reduce to 90% for most browsers, but may appear to show at 100% for Internet Explorer and possibly other browsers.<ref name=fontsize/> As of December 21, 2010, the standard {{tag|references|single}} tag has the same font styling. The smaller font may be disabled through [[Special:Preferences]] → Gadgets → Disable smaller font sizes of elements such as Infoboxes, Navboxes and References lists.

==Technical details==
===Browser support for columns===
{{shortcut|WP:REFCOLS}}

{{CSS3 multiple column layout}}

Multiple columns are generated by using [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS3]], which is still in development; thus only browsers that properly support the multi-column property will show multiple columns with {{tl|Reflist}}.<ref name="stuffandnonsense" /><ref name="w3org1" />

These browsers '''support''' CSS3 columns:
* [[Gecko (layout engine)|Gecko]]-based browsers such as [[Mozilla Firefox]]
* [[WebKit]]-based browsers such as [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]] and [[Google Chrome]]
* [[Opera (web browser)|Opera]] from version 11.10 onward
* [[Internet Explorer]] 10 Platform Preview

These browsers do '''not support''' CSS3 columns:
* Microsoft [[Trident (layout engine)|Trident]]-based browsers including Internet Explorer through to version 9<ref name=msdn />
* [[Opera (web browser)|Opera]] through to version 11

===Supporting CSS===
{{tl|Reflist}} uses a CSS rule in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] to set the font size:
* <code>div.reflist { font-size: 90%; }</code>

One of the following classes is assigned by the template when either column count or column width is set:
* <code>.references-column-count</code> and <code>.references-column-count-''n''</code> (where <code>''n''</code> is the number of columns)
* <code>.references-column-width</code>

The following CSS properties are utilized using the {{tl|column-count}} and {{tl|column-width}} templates:
* <code>column-count</code> CSS3 standard
* <code>column-width</code> CSS3 standard
* <code>-moz-column-count</code> Mozilla CSS extension
* <code>-moz-column-width</code> Mozilla CSS extension
* <code>-webkit-column-count</code> Webkit CSS extension
* <code>-webkit-column-width</code> Webkit CSS extension

===Customizing the view===
{{see|Help:Reference display customization}}

By editing your CSS, the personal appearance of the reference list can be customized. From [[Special:Preferences|Preferences]], select the Appearance tab, then on the selected skin select Custom CSS. After editing and saving, follow the instructions at the top of the page to purge. See [[Wikipedia:Skin#Customisation (advanced users)]] for more help.

;Font size
The font size for all reference lists defaults to 90% of the standard size. To change it, add:

<source lang="css">
ol.references,
div.reflist,
div.refbegin {
 font-size: 90%;
}
</source>

Change 90% to the desired size.

;Columns
To disable columns, add:

<source lang="css">
.references-column-count, .references-column-width {
 column-count: 1 !important;
 column-width: auto !important;
 -moz-column-count: 1 !important;
 -moz-column-width: auto !important;
 -webkit-column-count: 1 !important;
 -webkit-column-width: auto !important;
}
</source>

Similarly, to force all reference lists to a number of columns, change the number.

;Column dividers
To add dividers (rules) between columns, add:

<source lang="css">
.references-column-count, .references-column-width {
 column-rule: 1px solid #aaa;
 -moz-column-rule: 1px solid #aaa;
 -webkit-column-rule: 1px solid #aaa;
}
</source>

You can alter the appearance of the dividers by changing the values.

==Perennial suggestions==
;Collapsing and scrolling
There have been a number of requests to add functionality for a collapsible or scrolling reference list. These requests have not been fulfilled to due to issues with readability, accessibility, and printing. The applicable guidelines are at [[MOS:SCROLL]]. Links between the inline cite and the reference list do not work when the reference list is enclosed in a collapsed box.

To display the reference list in a scrollbox or collapsed per user, see [[Help:Reference display customization]].

For discussion on previous attempts to do this with a template, see the discussions for [[Wikipedia:Templates for deletion/Log/2007 June 11#Template:Scrollref|Scrollref]] and [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2010 May 26#Template:Refbox|Refbox]].

;Including the section title
There have been suggestions to include section header markup such as <code>==References==</code>. This is inadvisable because:
* There is no standard section name; see [[WP:FNNR]].
* When transcluded, the article will have an edit link that will confusingly open the template for editing.

==See also==
* [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]&nbsp;– style guide for the citation of sources
* [[Wikipedia:Citation templates]]&nbsp;– templates for use with references
* {{tl|Refbegin}} and {{tl|Refend}}&nbsp;– format reference lists

Variants
* {{tl|Template reference list}}&nbsp;– version of reflist for use in templates
* {{tl|Reflist-talk}}&nbsp;– for use on talk pages
* {{tl|Notelist}}&nbsp;– for use with explanatory notes; sets {{para|group|lower-alpha}}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=fontsize>See [[User:Edokter/fonttest]] for a comparison of font sizes for various browsers; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=fonttest+prefix%3AMediaWiki+talk%3ACommon.css%2F&fulltext=Search&ns0=1 previous discussions] on changing the font size to resolve the IE issue.</ref>

<ref name=stuffandnonsense>{{cite web |accessdate=November 24, 2006 |date=December 30, 2005 |title=CSS3 Multi-Column Thriller |url=http://www.stuffandnonsense.co.uk/archives/css3_multi-column_thriller.html}}</ref>

<ref name=w3org1>{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-multicol/ |title=CSS3 module: Multi-column layout |publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium|W3C]] |date=December 15, 2005 |accessdate=November 24, 2006}}</ref>

<ref name=msdn>{{cite web |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc351024(VS.85).aspx#multicolumn |title=CSS Compatibility and Internet Explorer: Multi-column Layout |work=Microsoft Developer Network |publisher=Microsoft |accessdate=March 16, 2011}}</ref>
}}<includeonly>
[[Category:Footnote templates]]
[[Category:Reference list templates]]

[[ar:قالب:ثبت المراجع]]
[[be-x-old:Шаблён:Зноскі]]
[[bn:Template:Reflist]]
[[bs:Šablon:Refspisak]]
[[br:Patrom:Daveoù]]
[[ca:Plantilla:Referències]]
[[cy:Nodyn:Cyfeiriadau]]
[[et:Mall:Viited]]
[[eo:Ŝablono:Referencoj]]
[[es:Plantilla:Listaref]]
[[eu:Txantiloi:Erreferentzia zerrenda]]
[[fa:الگو:پانویس]]
[[fr:Modèle:Références]]
[[hi:Template:टिप्पणीसूची]]
[[hr:Predložak:Izvori]]
[[hsb:Předłoha:Referency]]
[[hu:Sablon:Reflist]]
[[ia:Patrono:Reflist]]
[[it:Template:References]]
[[he:תבנית:הערות שוליים]]
[[ja:Template:Reflist]]
[[ka:თარგი:სქოლიოს სია]]
[[ko:틀:주석]]
[[lv:Veidne:Reflist]]
[[ml:ഫലകം:Reflist]]
[[mr:साचा:संदर्भयादी]]
[[ms:Templat:Reflist]]
[[no:Mal:Reflist]]
[[pl:Szablon:Przypisy]]
[[pt:Predefinição:Referências]]
[[ro:Format:Listănote]]
[[ru:Шаблон:Примечания]]
[[sr:Шаблон:Напомене]]
[[fi:Malline:Viitteet]]
[[th:แม่แบบ:รายการอ้างอิง]]
[[tr:Şablon:Kaynakça]]
[[uk:Шаблон:Reflist]]
[[vi:Bản mẫu:Tham khảo]]
[[zh:Template:Reflist]]
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