សេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះ

ដោយវិគីភីឌា

សេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះ (អង់គ្លេស: Salvation) ជាការសង្គ្រោះព្រលឹងវិញ្ញាណឲ្យរួចពីបាប និងសេចក្ដីស្លាប់។ សេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះក៏ត្រូវបានហៅថាជាការរំដោះ ឬការរួចចាកផុត ពីនិស្ស័យបាប និងជាសេចក្ដីសន្យានៃជីវិតអស់កល្បជានិច្ច តាមរយៈព្រះវិញ្ញាណ។ [១]

យោងតាមជំនឿរបស់គ្រីស្ទាន សេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះពីបាបទូទៅ និងបាបដែលយើងមានតាំងពីកំណើតមក ត្រូវបានធ្វើឲ្យកើតឡើងដោយជីវិត ការសុគត និងដោយការមានព្រះជន្មរស់ឡើងវិញរបស់ព្រះយេស៊ូវ ដែលនៅក្នុងបរិបទនៃសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះគឺសំដៅលើយញ្ញបូជាលោះបាប។[២][៣][៤] ទោះបីជាមានគ្រីស្ទានខុសគ្នាជាច្រើនយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ ក៏គ្រីស្ទានមួយចំនួនធំមានការយល់ឃើញស្របគ្នាថា សេចក្ដីសង្រ្គោះអាចកើតឡើងតាមរយៈកិច្ចការរបស់ព្រះយេស៊ូវគ្រីស្ទព្រះបុត្រារបស់ព្រះ គឹដោយការដែលព្រះអង្គសុគតនៅលើឈើឆ្កាង។

ចំណុចសំខាន់នៃជំនឿរបស់គ្រីស្ទានគឺការពិត និងសេចក្ដីសង្ឃឹម អំពីសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះ ក្នុងព្រះយេស៊វគ្រីស្ទ។ ជំនឿរបស់គ្រីស្ទានគឺជាជំនឿលើព្រះនៃសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះ ដែលត្រូវបានបើកសម្ដែងនៅក្នុងព្រះយេស៊ូវអ្នកណាសារ៉ែត។ ទម្លាប់គ្រីស្ទានតែងតែប្រៀបធៀបសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះនេះទៅនឹងការបំពេញឲ្យសម្រេចនូវសេចក្ដីនៃគ្រាចុងបញ្ចប់ ដ៏វិសេសវិសាល នៃការមានមនុស្ស ក្នុងជីវិតមួយដែលរួចផុតពីបាប ពីសភាពដែលមានកំណត់ទុកជាស្រេច និងពីភាពដែលរមែងតែងតែស្លាប់ ហើយឲ្យបានរួមជាមួយព្រះត្រីឯក។ នេះប្រហែលជាអ្វីដែលមិនអាចចរចាបាននៃជំនឿគ្រីស្ទាន។ អ្វីដែលជាចំណុចសំខាន់នៃការពិភាក្សាគឺទំនាក់ទំនងរវាងសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះ និងសកម្មភាពផ្សេងៗរបស់យើងនៅក្នុងពិភពលោកនេះ។
—Anselm Kyongsuk Min[៥]:p.79

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និកាយប្រូតេស្តង់[កែប្រែ]

គំនិតគ្រីស្ទានប្រូតេស្តង់ចំពោះសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះគឺថាគ្មានអ្នកណាម្នាក់ស័ក្ដិសមនឹងទទួលព្រះគុណរបស់ព្រះ ដោយការប្រព្រឹត្តតាមពិធីសាសនា ការប្រព្រឹត្តល្អ ការតាំងសិល្ប៍ ឬដោយការតាំងសមាធិនោះទេ ពីព្រោះព្រះគុណគឺជាលទ្ធផលដែលផ្ដើមចេញពីព្រះ មិនទាក់ទងនឹងការប្រព្រឹត្តរបស់អ្នកណាម្នាក់នោះទេ។ ក្រុមនិកាយប្រូតេស្តង់ប្រកាសថា សេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះអាចទទួលបានដោយសារតែព្រះគុណក្នុងព្រះគ្រីស្ទប៉ុណ្ណោះ តាមរយៈជំនឿតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ សម្រាប់ជាសិរីរុងរឿងរបស់ព្រះតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ ដូចដែលបានចែងនៅក្នុងបទគម្ពីរតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ។

ក្រុមប្រូតេស្តង់មួយចំនួន ដូចជាលូធើរ៉ាន និង Reformed យល់ដូច្នេះ ដោយចង់មានន័យថាព្រះ សង្គ្រោះដោយព្រះគុណតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ ហើយថាការប្រព្រឹត្តនឹងមកតាមក្រោយ បន្ទាប់ពីបានទទួលសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះតាមរយៈព្រះគុណហើយ។ ក្រុមផ្សេងទៀត ដូចជាក្រុមមេតូឌីស្ទជាដើម ជឿថាសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះគឺទទួលបានតាមរយៈជំនឿតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ ប៉ុន្តែសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះនោះអាចបាត់បង់ទៅវិញ ប្រសិនបើមិនបានបន្តកាន់តាមជំនឿ និងការប្រព្រឹត្តដែលមកតាមក្រោយនោះ។ ប្រូតេស្តង់ភាគច្រើនជឿថាសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះអាចទទួលបានតាមរយៈព្រះគុណរបស់ព្រះតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ ហើយនៅពេលដែលសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះត្រូវបានធានាក្នុងមនុស្សណាហើយ គឹត្រូវតែមានការប្រព្រឹត្តចេញពីជំនឿនោះ ដើម្បីឲ្យការប្រព្រឹត្តល្អនោះជាសញ្ញាបញ្ជាក់អំពីសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះនោះ។ មានមួយក្រុមតូច ជឿយ៉ាងមុតមាំថា សេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះអាចទទួលបានតាមរយៈជំនឿតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ ដោយមិនចាំបាច់ធ្វើអ្វីទាំងអស់ រួមទាំងការប្រព្រឹត្តដែលនឹងមកតាមក្រោយសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះនោះផងដែរ។

លោក Karl Barth បានកំណត់គោលគំនិតសំខាន់ៗម្ដងមួយៗដូចតទៅ: ខាងនិតិក្រម (យើងមានទោសអំពីបទឧក្រិដ្ឋមួយ ហើយព្រះគ្រីស្ទជាអ្នកទទួលទោសនោះ) ខាងហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ (យើងជំពាក់បំណុលដល់ព្រះ ហើយព្រះគ្រីស្ទបង់ជួសយើង) និង ខាងលទ្ធិសាសនា (ព្រះគ្រីស្ទថ្វាយយញ្ញបូជាជួសយើង)។ គោលសំខាន់ៗទាំង៣នេះត្រូវបានគេយល់ឃើញថាជាយញ្ញបូជាលោះបាប។ មនុស្សជំពាក់អ្វីមួយដល់ព្រះ ដែលខ្លួនមិនអាចសងបាន។ ព្រះគ្រីស្ទសងបំណុលនោះជួសយើង។[៣៤][៣៧]

ក្រុមលូធើរ៉ាន[កែប្រែ]

គ្រីស្ទានក្នុងក្រុមលូធើរ៉ាន ជឿថាព្រះបានរាប់មនុស្សបាបទាំងអស់ជាសុចរិត គឺព្រះអង្គបានប្រកាសថាពួកគេគ្មានទេ ដោយព្រោះតែព្រះគ្រីស្ទ។ គ្រីស្ទានលូធើរ៉ានជឿថាចំណុចនេះគឺជាខ្លឹមសារដ៏សំខាន់នៅក្នុងព្រះគម្ពីរ ហើយមានក្រុមជំនុំជាច្រើនលេចចេញឡើង ក៏ដោយសារតែហេតុផលនេះដែរ។ ចំពោះក្រុមលូធើរ៉ាន ខ្លឹមសារនេះគឺជាសារមួយដែលទាក់ទងមនុស្សគ្រប់ជាតិសាសន៍ គ្រប់ស្រទាប់វណ្ណៈ គ្រប់សម័យកាល និងគ្រប់ទីកន្លែង ដ្បិត "ការផ្ដន្ទាទោសមកដល់មនុស្ស​ទាំងអស់ ​តាមរយៈ​​ការបំពានមួយ" (រ៉ូម 5:18)។ មនុស្សទាំងអស់ត្រូវការការអត់ទោសបាប នៅចំពោះព្រះ ហើយបទគម្ពីរប្រកាសថាមនុស្សទាំងអស់ត្រូវបានរាប់ជាសុចរិត ដ្បិត "ការរាប់ជា​សុចរិត​នៃ​ជីវិតក៏​មកដល់​មនុស្ស​ទាំងអស់​ តាមរយៈ​អំពើ​សុចរិត​មួយយ៉ាងនោះ​ដែរ" (រ៉ូម 5:18). [៣៨]

ក្រុមលូធើរ៉ានបង្រៀនថា មនុស្សម្នាក់ៗទទួលបានអំណោយទាននេះស្ដីអំពីការអស់ទោសបាប និងសេចក្ដីសង្គ្រោះ មិនមែនផ្អែកលើការប្រព្រឹត្តនោះទេ គឺតាមរយៈជំនឿវិញ។[៣៩]

“ ជាការពិត អ្នក​រាល់គ្នា​ត្រូវបាន​សង្គ្រោះដោយសារតែ​ព្រះគុណ ​តាមរយៈ​ជំនឿ ​ហើយ​សេចក្ដី​នេះ​មិន​បានចេញពីអ្នករាល់គ្នា​ទេ គឺជា​អំណោយទាន​ពី​ព្រះ​វិញ—ក៏​មិនបាន​មក​ពី​ការ​ប្រព្រឹត្ត​ដែរ ដើម្បីកុំឲ្យ​មាន​អ្នកណា​អួត​ខ្លួនឡើយ។ (អេភេសូ 2:8,9) ”

[៤០][៤១][៤២][៤៣][៤៤][៤៥][៤៦][៤៧][៤៨][៤៩][៥០][៥១][៥២] [៥៣][៥៤][៥៥][៥៦][៥៧][៥៨] [៥៩] [៦០][៦១][៦២][៦៣][៦៤] [៦៥][៦៦][៦៧][៦៧][៦៨][៦៨][៦៩][៧០][៧១][៧២] [៧៣][៧៤][៧៥][៧៦][៧៧]

ឯកសារយោង[កែប្រែ]

  1. ↑ "The saving of the soul; the deliverance from sin and its consequences" OED 2nd ed. 1989.
  2. ↑ "Christian Doctrines of Salvation." Religion facts. June 20, 2009. http://www.religionfacts.com/christianity/beliefs/salvation.htm
  3. ↑ Newman, Jay. Foundations of religious tolerance. University of Toronto Press, 1982.
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  4. ↑ Parry, Robin A. Universal salvation? The Current Debate. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2004.
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  5. ↑ Min, Anselm Kyongsuk. Dialectic of Salvation: Issues in Theology of Liberation. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press, 1989.
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  6. ↑ A. J. Wallace and R. D. Rusk, Moral Transformation: The Original Christian Paradigm of Salvation (New Zealand: Bridgehead, 2011), pp. 249-295.
  7. ↑ A. J. Wallace, R. D. Rusk, Moral Transformation: The Original Christian Paradigm of Salvation (New Zealand: Bridgehead, 2011), pp 249-271.
  8. ↑ Hastings Rashdall, The Idea of Atonement in Christian Theology (London: Macmillian, 1919), pp 190-292.
  9. ↑ Robert S. Franks, A history of the doctrine of the work of Christ in its ecclesiastical development vol. 1 (London: Hodder and Stoughton), p. 14: 'The above point of view of the Apostolic Fathers may be generally described as a Christian moralism.'.
  10. ↑ Michael Green, The Empty Cross of Jesus (Eastbourne: Kingsway, 2004; first published 1984), pp. 64-5: 'The simplest and most obvious understanding of the cross is to see it as the supreme example. ... This is a favourite theme in the early Fathers, as H.E.W. Turner showed in The Patristic Doctrine of Redemption. ... It can scarcely be denied that much of the second century understanding of the cross was frankly exemplarist.'
  11. ↑ J. F. Bethune-Baker, An introduction to the early history of Christian doctrine to the time of the Council of Chalcedon (London: Methuen & Co, 1903), pp. 351-2 : 'From this review of the teaching of the Church it will be seen that... in the earliest centuries... the main thought is that man is reconciled to God by the Atonement, not God to man. The change, that is, which it effects is a change in man rather than a change in God. It is God's unchangeable love for mankind that prompts the Atonement itself, is the cause of it, and ultimately determines the method by which it is effected.'
  12. ↑ For a recent defence of the moral transformation view, see A. J. Wallace, R. D. Rusk, Moral Transformation: The Original Christian Paradigm of Salvation (New Zealand: Bridgehead, 2011).
  13. ↑ Eusebius, Proof of the Gospel, 9.7.
  14. ↑ H. E. W. Turner, The Patristic Doctrine of Redemption: A Study of the Development of Doctrine During the First Five Centuries (Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock Publish-ers, 2004), p. 54.
  15. ↑ A. J. Wallace, R. D. Rusk Moral Transformation: The Original Christian Paradigm of Salvation, (New Zealand: Bridgehead, 2011)
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  16. ↑ David. A. Brondos, Paul on the Cross: Reconstructing the Apostle's Story of Redemption (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2006)
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  17. ↑ Stephen Finlan, Problems With Atonement: The Origins Of, And Controversy About, The Atonement Doctrine (Liturgical Press, 2005)
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  18. ↑ Joel B. Green, Mark D. Baker, Recovering the Scandal of the Cross: Atonement in New Testament & Contemporary Contexts (IVP Academic, 2000)
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  19. ↑ "Solemni Hac Liturgia (Credo of the People of God) (June 30, 1968) - Paul VI"។ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19680630_credo_en.html។ 
  20. ↑ "Catechism of the Catholic Church - God's salvation: law and grace"។ http://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p3s1c3.htm។ 
  21. ↑ "Catechism of the Catholic Church - Grace and justification"។ http://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p3s1c3a2.htm#II។ 
  22. ↑ Pope John Paul II. General Audience 31 May 1995
  23. ↑ Catechism of the Catholic Church No. 1992។ Vatican City-State។ "Justification is conferred in Baptism, the sacrament of faith." 
  24. ↑ Pohle, Joseph។ "The Catholic Encyclopedia."។ Sanctifying Grace។ New Advent។ http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06701a.htm។ បានយកមក 21 April 2014។ 
  25. ↑ "Catechism of the Catholic Church"។ http://www.usccb.org/beliefs-and-teachings/what-we-believe/catechism/catechism-of-the-catholic-church/epub/OEBPS/26-chapter9.xhtml។ 
  26. ↑ "Unitatis redintegratio"។ http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_en.html។ 
  27. ↑ Church, Catholic។ "The Council of Trent"។ http://www.ewtn.com/library/councils/trent6.htm។ 
  28. ↑ "The Council of Trent Session 7"។ http://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/ct07.html។ 
  29. ↑ "CCC - PART 1 SECTION 2 CHAPTER 3 ARTICLE 9 PARAGRAPH 3"។ http://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p123a9p3.htm#II។ 
  30. ↑ "CCC 1019"។ http://old.usccb.org/catechism/text/pt1sect2chpt3art11.shtml។ 
  31. ↑ "Dominus Iesus"។ http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000806_dominus-iesus_en.html។ 
  32. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lumen_Gentium_14
  33. ↑ "Redemptoris Missio (7 December 1990) - John Paul II"។ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio_en.html។ 
  34. ↑ ៣៤,០ ៣៤,១ Placher, William C. "How does Jesus save? Christian Century, 00095281, 6/2/2009, Vol. 126, Issue 11
  35. ↑ "The Longer Catechism of the Orthodox, Catholic, Eastern Church"។ http://www.pravoslavieto.com/docs/eng/Orthodox_Catechism_of_Philaret.htm។ បានយកមក 14 Feb 2009។ 
  36. ↑ "struggler.org"។ http://www.struggler.org/IllnessPart1.html។ 
  37. ↑ Stagg, Frank. New Testament Theology. Broadman Press, 1962.
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  38. ↑ This We Believe - IV. Justification by grace through faith
  39. ↑ Keller, Brian R., Believe it or not: You Are Forgiven Through Christ!, p4, "The forgiveness of sins is proclaimed in the gospel as a ready and complete blessing, won by Christ Jesus. Yet, no one receives the benefits of this gospel message without faith. By faith, the individual receives the forgiveness of sins and eternal life."
  40. ↑ John 17:3, Luke 1:77,Galatians 4:9, Philippians 3:8, and 1 Timothy 2:4 refer to faith in terms of knowledge.
  41. ↑ John 5:46 refers to acceptance of the truth of Christ's teaching, while John 3:36 notes the rejection of his teaching.
  42. ↑ John 3:16,36, Galatians 2:16, Romans 4:20-25, 2 Timothy 1:12 speak of trust, confidence, and belief in Christ. John 3:18 notes belief in the name of Christ, and Mark 1:15 notes belief in the gospel.
  43. ↑ Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. pp. 54-5, Part XIV. "Sin"
  44. ↑ Ps. 51:10, Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934, p.57 Part XV. "Conversion", paragraph 78.
  45. ↑ John 17:20, Rom. 10:17, Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934, p.101 Part XXV. "The Church", paragraph 141.
  46. ↑ Titus 3:5, Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934, p.87 Part XXIII. "Baptism", paragraph 118.
  47. ↑ Eph. 2:8, Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934, p.57 Part XV. "Conversion", paragraph 78.
  48. ↑ WELS Topical Q&A: Decision Theology, Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod
  49. ↑ The TULIP acrostic first appeared in Loraine Boettner's The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination. The names appearing in parentheses, while not forming an acrostic, are offered by Theologian Roger Nicole in Steele's book cited herein, The Five Points of Calvinism: Defined.
  50. ↑ David Steele and Curtis Thomas, "The Five Points of Calvinism Defined, Defended, Documented," pg.25, "The adjective 'total' does not mean that each sinner is as totally or completely corrupt in his actions and thoughts as it is possible for him to be. Instead, the word 'total' is used to indicate that the "whole" of man's being has been affected by sin."
  51. ↑ "Westminster Confession of Faith"។ http://www.reformed.org/documents/wcf_with_proofs/។ 
  52. ↑ The Five Points of Calvinism. The Calvinist Corner. Retrieved 2011-11-12.
  53. ↑ Comparison of Calvinism and Arminianism. The-highway.com. Retrieved 2011-11-12.
  54. ↑ Arminius, James The Writings of James Arminius (three vols.), tr. James Nichols and William R. Bagnall (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1956), I:252
  55. ↑ Arminius I:316
  56. ↑ Arminius III:454
  57. ↑ Ashby Four Views, 140
  58. ↑ Picirilli, Robert Grace, Faith, Free Will: Contrasting Views of Salvation: Calvinism and Arminianism (Nashville: Randall House Publications, 2002), 154ff
  59. ↑ Arminius Writings, III:311
  60. ↑ Pawson, David Once Saved, Always Saved? A Study in Perseverance and Inheritance (London: Hodder & Staughton, 1996), 109ff
  61. ↑ Forlines, F. Leroy, Classical Arminianism: A Theology of Salvation, ch. 6
  62. ↑ Picirilli Grace, Faith, Free Will 203
  63. ↑ Picirilli 204ff
  64. ↑ Arminius Writings, I:254
  65. ↑ "Merciful Truth"។ http://www.mercifultruth.com។ បានយកមក 14 Feb 2009។ 
  66. ↑ Douglas Allen Foster and Anthony L. Dunnavant, The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement: Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Christian Churches/Churches of Christ, Churches of Christ, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2004,
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    ,
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    , 854 pages, entry on Churches of Christ
  67. ↑ ៦៧,០ ៦៧,១ Ron Rhodes, The Complete Guide to Christian Denominations, Harvest House Publishers, 2005,
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  68. ↑ ៦៨,០ ៦៨,១ Stuart M. Matlins, Arthur J. Magida, J. Magida, How to Be a Perfect Stranger: A Guide to Etiquette in Other People's Religious Ceremonies, Wood Lake Publishing Inc., 1999,
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    ,
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    , 426 pages, Chapter 6 - Churches of Christ
  69. ↑ Batsell Barrett Baxter, Who are the churches of Christ and what do they believe in? Available on-line in an Archived January 31, 2008, at the Wayback Machine., and here [១], here [២] and here [៣]
  70. ↑ "The Churches of Christ, the Christian Churches, the Disciples of Christ"។ Christian Research Institute។ http://www.equip.org/article/the-churches-of-christ-the-christian-churches-the-disciples-of-christ/។ 
  71. ↑ Richard Thomas Hughes and R. L. Roberts, The Churches of Christ, 2nd Edition, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001,
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    , 345 pages
  72. ↑ Douglas A. Foster, "Churches of Christ and Baptism: An Historical and Theological Overview," Restoration Quarterly, Volume 43/Number 2 (2001)
  73. ↑ Tom J. Nettles, Richard L. Pratt, Jr., John H. Armstrong, Robert Kolb, Understanding Four Views on Baptism, Zondervan, 2007,
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    , 222 pages
  74. ↑ Douglas Allen Foster and Anthony L. Dunnavant, The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement: Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Christian Churches/Churches of Christ, Churches of Christ, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2004,
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    , 854 pages, entry on Regeneration
  75. ↑ Everett Ferguson, The Church of Christ: A Biblical Ecclesiology for Today, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1996,
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    , 443 pages
  76. ↑ Table adapted from Lange, Lyle W. God So Loved the World: A Study of Christian Doctrine (Milwaukee: Northwestern Publishing House, 2006), 448, with the addition of specific citations.
  77. ↑ "Alma 34:14-16"។ http://scriptures.lds.org/en/alma/34/14-16#14។ 
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